Landsat field delineation — site review

Model Trazo4SAlandsatstretch, 256 px chips on the 10 m grid, 8-band two-window Landsat input (harvest first). Sites were not hand-picked: select_sites.py queries the Trazo4 2024 master parquet for Mato Grosso, Rondonia and Para, groups fields by MapBiomas class and by the WRS-2 footprint that images them, then takes the smallest- and largest-median tile per class and re-centres a 30 km AOI on the densest window inside it. The same AOIs were then run on 2005 and 2024 with one checkpoint and one polygon floor. Open the zoomable polygon map →

Read the histograms, not the counts. Both series come from the same checkpoint over the same footprint, so a change in the shape of the distribution is a change in the land rather than a change in method. A spike in the smallest bins that the other year does not have means the model is drawing image texture rather than fields.

2005 is Landsat 5 TM; the checkpoint was trained on Landsat 8/9 OLI. Pushing the benchmark's OLI imagery through the Roy et al. 2016 surface transform into ETM+ radiometry cost 0.001 pixel IoU, and that is a lower bound on the real cost, because TM also differs in quantization, noise and point spread. Read a large change as signal and a small one as noise.

All sites

site	class	regime	WRS-2	2005 objects	2024 objects	change	2005 median ha	2024 median ha
Query-selected sites, 2005 and 2024 — Chosen by select_sites.py from field size and MapBiomas class, then run unchanged on both years. Polygon floor 0.27 ha.
para pasture small	pasture	small	223/061	2,899	4,926	+70%	1.43	1.30
rondonia pasture fishbone	pasture	small	231/068	3,084	6,364	+106%	3.12	2.15
mato grosso pasture large	pasture	large	228/069	743	1,226	+65%	29.18	25.47
para soy small	soy	small	227/062	2,150	1,811	-16%	2.36	2.31
mato grosso soy large	soy	large	225/068	166	208	+25%	87.79	148.09
para palm	palm	uniform	223/062	963	1,560	+62%	11.34	9.33
Earlier hand-chosen sites — Polygon floor 1.0 ha, the production filter. 2024 only.
pucallpa palm	palm	hand-chosen	—	—	932	—	—	5.31
matogrosso soy	soy	hand-chosen	—	—	1,017	—	—	9.77
acre pasture	pasture	hand-chosen	—	—	1,299	—	—	9.55
rondonia pasture	pasture	hand-chosen	—	—	2,591	—	—	8.42
altoparana hills	mosaic_of_uses	hand-chosen	—	—	3,471	—	—	1.86
paraguay colonias	soy	hand-chosen	—	—	4,327	—	—	4.19
irece bahia	other_temporary	hand-chosen	—	—	3,878	—	—	3.98

Polygon floor 0.27 ha (3 Landsat pixels at 30 m). Click any figure to enlarge.

Query-selected sites, 2005 and 2024

Chosen by select_sites.py from field size and MapBiomas class, then run unchanged on both years. Polygon floor 0.27 ha.

para pasture small

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pasture, Para (small fields, tile median 0.7 ha, WRS-2 223/061)

MapBiomas 15 · pasturesmall fieldsWRS-2 223/061-1.4652, -47.5972floor 0.27 hatile median 0.71 ha

	2005	2024	change
objects found	2,899	4,926	+70%
median ha	1.43	1.30	—
p10 ha	0.38	0.37	—
p90 ha	20.55	14.09	—
total ha	35,204.20	37,799.90	+7%

2005 · Landsat 5 TM planting 2004-10-01/2005-01-31 · harvest 2005-02-01/2005-05-31
LT05_L2SP_223061_20041123, LT05_L2SP_223061_20050211, LT05_L2SP_223061_20050227, LT05_L2SP_223061_20050315, LT05_L2SP_223061_20050331, LT05_L2SP_223061_20050416, LT05_L2SP_223061_20050518
2024 planting 2023-10-01/2024-01-31 · harvest 2024-02-01/2024-05-31
LC08_L2SP_223061_20231128_, LC08_L2SP_223061_20231214, LC08_L2SP_223061_20231230, LC08_L2SP_223061_20240115, LC08_L2SP_223061_20240131, LC08_L2SP_223061_20240319_, LC08_L2SP_223061_20240404, LC08_L2SP_223061_20240506, LC08_L2SP_223061_20240522, LC09_L2SP_223061_20231206, LC09_L2SP_223061_20231222, LC09_L2SP_223061_20240123, LC09_L2SP_223061_20240327, LC09_L2SP_223061_20240412, LC09_L2SP_223061_20240514, LC09_L2SP_223061_20240530

object count by size 20052024

para_pasture_small 2005 — 2005 — false colour (NIR/R/G), prediction, overlay

para_pasture_small 2024 — 2024 — false colour (NIR/R/G), prediction, overlay

rondonia pasture fishbone

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pasture, Rondonia (fishbone smallholder settlement, tile median 2.1 ha, WRS-2 231/068)

MapBiomas 15 · pasturesmall fieldsWRS-2 231/068-11.7092, -62.2945floor 0.27 hatile median 2.08 ha

	2005	2024	change
objects found	3,084	6,364	+106%
median ha	3.12	2.15	—
p10 ha	0.50	0.44	—
p90 ha	28.97	15.48	—
total ha	47,729.70	44,375.30	-7%

2005 · Landsat 5 TM planting 2004-07-01/2004-11-30 · harvest 2005-01-01/2005-05-31
LT05_L2SP_231068_20040928, LT05_L2SP_231068_20050307, LT05_L2SP_231068_20050323, LT05_L2SP_231068_20050408, LT05_L2SP_231068_20050424, LT05_L2SP_231068_20050510, LT05_L2SP_231068_20050526
2024 planting 2023-07-01/2023-11-30 · harvest 2024-01-01/2024-05-31
LC08_L2SP_231068_20231019, LC08_L2SP_231068_20240530

object count by size 20052024

rondonia_pasture_fishbone 2005 — 2005 — false colour (NIR/R/G), prediction, overlay

rondonia_pasture_fishbone 2024 — 2024 — false colour (NIR/R/G), prediction, overlay

mato grosso pasture large

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pasture, Mato Grosso (large fields, tile median 16.1 ha, WRS-2 228/069)

MapBiomas 15 · pasturelarge fieldsWRS-2 228/069-12.2881, -57.7993floor 0.27 hatile median 16.09 ha

	2005	2024	change
objects found	743	1,226	+65%
median ha	29.18	25.47	—
p10 ha	1.75	2.11	—
p90 ha	106.18	89.70	—
total ha	34,334.40	48,154.80	+40%

2005 · Landsat 5 TM planting 2004-07-01/2004-11-30 · harvest 2005-01-01/2005-05-30
LT05_L2SP_228068_20040705, LT05_L2SP_228068_20040806, LT05_L2SP_228068_20040822, LT05_L2SP_228068_20040907_, LT05_L2SP_228068_20040923, LT05_L2SP_228068_20041009, LT05_L2SP_228068_20041110, LT05_L2SP_228068_20041126, LT05_L2SP_228068_20050521
2024 planting 2023-07-01/2023-11-30 · harvest 2024-01-01/2024-05-30
LC08_L2SP_228068_20240509, LC09_L2SP_228068_20230920

object count by size 20052024

mato_grosso_pasture_large 2005 — 2005 — false colour (NIR/R/G), prediction, overlay

mato_grosso_pasture_large 2024 — 2024 — false colour (NIR/R/G), prediction, overlay

para soy small

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soy, Para (small fields, tile median 6.4 ha, WRS-2 227/062)

MapBiomas 39 · soysmall fieldsWRS-2 227/062-2.6164, -54.6577floor 0.27 hatile median 6.39 ha

	2005	2024	change
objects found	2,150	1,811	-16%
median ha	2.36	2.31	—
p10 ha	0.43	0.41	—
p90 ha	30.59	36.57	—
total ha	26,202.50	33,457.50	+28%

2005 · Landsat 5 TM planting 2004-10-01/2005-01-31 · harvest 2005-02-01/2005-05-31
LT05_L2SP_227062_20040831, LT05_L2SP_227062_20050530_, LT05_L2SP_227062_20050615, LT05_L2SP_227062_20050701, LT05_L2SP_227062_20050717, LT05_L2SP_227062_20050802, LT05_L2SP_227062_20050818, LT05_L2SP_227062_20050903, LT05_L2SP_227062_20050919
2024 planting 2023-10-01/2024-01-31 · harvest 2024-02-01/2024-05-31
LC08_L2SP_227062_20240315_, LC08_L2SP_227062_20240331, LC08_L2SP_227062_20240502, LC09_L2SP_227062_20231116, LC09_L2SP_227062_20240323, LC09_L2SP_227062_20240408, LC09_L2SP_227062_20240424, LC09_L2SP_227062_20240510, LC09_L2SP_227062_20240526

object count by size 20052024

para_soy_small 2005 — 2005 — false colour (NIR/R/G), prediction, overlay

para_soy_small 2024 — 2024 — false colour (NIR/R/G), prediction, overlay

mato grosso soy large

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soy, Mato Grosso (large fields, tile median 118.8 ha, WRS-2 225/068)

MapBiomas 39 · soylarge fieldsWRS-2 225/068-12.0169, -52.8839floor 0.27 hatile median 118.78 ha

	2005	2024	change
objects found	166	208	+25%
median ha	87.79	148.09	—
p10 ha	1.42	17.44	—
p90 ha	544.41	280.07	—
total ha	29,053.70	31,859.40	+10%

2005 · Landsat 5 TM planting 2004-07-01/2004-11-30 · harvest 2005-01-01/2005-05-30
LT05_L2SP_225068_20041004, LT05_L2SP_225068_20050516
2024 planting 2023-07-01/2023-11-30 · harvest 2024-01-01/2024-05-30
LC08_L2SP_225068_20240520, LC09_L2SP_225068_20231118

object count by size 20052024

mato_grosso_soy_large 2005 — 2005 — false colour (NIR/R/G), prediction, overlay

mato_grosso_soy_large 2024 — 2024 — false colour (NIR/R/G), prediction, overlay

para palm

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palm, Para (uniform fields, tile median 8.0 ha, WRS-2 223/062)

MapBiomas 35 · palmuniform fieldsWRS-2 223/062-2.5380, -48.7106floor 0.27 hatile median 8.05 ha

	2005	2024	change
objects found	963	1,560	+62%
median ha	11.34	9.33	—
p10 ha	0.76	0.71	—
p90 ha	85.27	53.66	—
total ha	31,283.40	34,692.30	+11%

2005 · Landsat 5 TM planting 2004-10-01/2005-01-31 · harvest 2005-02-01/2005-05-31
LT05_L2SP_223062_20040904, LT05_L2SP_223062_20050518_, LT05_L2SP_223062_20050603, LT05_L2SP_223062_20050619, LT05_L2SP_223062_20050721, LT05_L2SP_223062_20050806, LT05_L2SP_223062_20050822, LT05_L2SP_223062_20050907, LT05_L2SP_223062_20050923
2024 planting 2023-10-01/2024-01-31 · harvest 2024-02-01/2024-05-31
LC08_L2SP_223062_20240404_, LC08_L2SP_223062_20240420, LC08_L2SP_223062_20240506, LC08_L2SP_223062_20240522, LC09_L2SP_223062_20231019, LC09_L2SP_223062_20240412, LC09_L2SP_223062_20240428, LC09_L2SP_223062_20240514, LC09_L2SP_223062_20240530

object count by size 20052024

para_palm 2005 — 2005 — false colour (NIR/R/G), prediction, overlay

para_palm 2024 — 2024 — false colour (NIR/R/G), prediction, overlay

Earlier hand-chosen sites

Polygon floor 1.0 ha, the production filter. 2024 only.

pucallpa palm

Pucallpa, Peru - oil palm plantations

objects found	932
median ha	5.31
p10 ha	1.30
p90 ha	56.59
total ha	24,643.40

object count by size2024

pucallpa_palm None — — false colour (NIR/R/G), prediction, overlay

matogrosso soy

Sorriso / Lucas do Rio Verde - industrial soy

objects found	1,017
median ha	9.77
p10 ha	1.54
p90 ha	159.23
total ha	49,912.80

object count by size2024

matogrosso_soy None — — false colour (NIR/R/G), prediction, overlay

acre pasture

Rio Branco / BR-364 - Amazonian pasture

objects found	1,299
median ha	9.55
p10 ha	1.46
p90 ha	74.28
total ha	41,046.20

object count by size2024

acre_pasture None — — false colour (NIR/R/G), prediction, overlay

rondonia pasture

Ariquemes / Ji-Parana - fishbone pasture

objects found	2,591
median ha	8.42
p10 ha	1.60
p90 ha	52.17
total ha	56,378.90

object count by size2024

rondonia_pasture None — — false colour (NIR/R/G), prediction, overlay

altoparana hills

Serra gaucha - mountainous mixed agriculture

objects found	3,471
median ha	1.86
p10 ha	1.10
p90 ha	7.34
total ha	14,282.30

object count by size2024

altoparana_hills None — — false colour (NIR/R/G), prediction, overlay

paraguay colonias

Itapua colonias - smallholder

objects found	4,327
median ha	4.19
p10 ha	1.30
p90 ha	22.56
total ha	41,290.90

object count by size2024

paraguay_colonias None — — false colour (NIR/R/G), prediction, overlay

irece bahia

Irece microregion - smallholder beans/onion

objects found	3,878
median ha	3.98
p10 ha	1.29
p90 ha	23.03
total ha	45,542.40

object count by size2024

irece_bahia None — — false colour (NIR/R/G), prediction, overlay